During decoding, a codon of messenger RNA is matched with its cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA and the amino acid carried by the tRNA is added to the growing protein chain. Here we propose a molecular ...

Two studies provide insights into the distinct strategies used by prokaryotes and eukaryotes to pause translation in order to facilitate cotranslational targeting of membrane proteins to the ...

DNA has often been called “the book of life,” but this popular phrase makes some biologists squirm a bit. True, DNA bears our genes, which spell out the instructions our cells use to make ...

A new study finds that at least one Archaea has surprisingly flexibility when interpreting genetic code, which goes against a ...

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For decades, biology has relied on one central assumption: the genetic code is precise. DNA is transcribed into RNA, RNA is ...

This circular diagram represents the genetic code, showing how the four nucleotide bases of RNA (adenine [A], cytosine [C], guanine [G], and uracil [U]) form codons that specify amino acids. Each ...

Living things, from bacteria to humans, depend on a workforce of proteins to carry out essential tasks within their cells. Proteins are chains of amino acids that are strung together according to ...

Biologists have revealed a hidden code that determines the expression level of a gene, providing a way to distinguish efficient genes from inefficient ones. The research involved creating hundreds of ...